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Si-Rater 写作机评

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The article and the lecturer discuss whether the coin had been brought to the United States by Norse. The author provides three reasons support the coin is historical fake, which are discover in distant site, no coin found in Canadian sites, and useless for North America. While the lecturer disagrees with all of them.

First, the author mentions that the coin was found far away from the Native American site. They found the coin in far eastern Canada, which the distance is more than a thousand kilometers. The lecturer, one the other hand, points out that. The Native America would travel for distant. It is possible that they obtain the coin from far place and take back to the habitat.

Second, the writer claims that there is any coin, which found in the Canadian sites were inhabited by Norse. Therefore, the Norse did not bring any silver coins to North American. The speaker believes there are flaws in the writer's position. At some point, they will bring them back to Europe.

Finally, the reading passage notes that the coin is useless for North America. In Europe, the coin is commonly used, but native North Americans did not use coin as currency. The speaker rebuts this argument. For the native North Americans, the silver coin is appealing and beauty. The evidence is that they will use coin as neckless and Jewry.
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In 1957 a European silver coin dating to the eleventh century was discovered at a Native American archaeological site in the state of Maine in the United States. Many people believed the coin had been originally brought to North America by European explorers known as the Norse, who traveled across the Atlantic Ocean and came into contact with Native Americans almost a thousand years ago.

However, some archaeologists believe that the coin is not a genuine piece of historical evidence but a historical fake; they think that the coin was placed at the site recently by someone who wanted to mislead the public. There are three main reasons why some archaeologists believe that the coin is not genuine historical evidence.

Great Distance from Norse Settlements

First, the Native American site in Maine where the coin was discovered is located very far from other sites documenting a Norse presence in North America. Remains of Norse settlements have been discovered in far eastern Canada. The distance between the Maine site and the Norse settlements in Canada is more than a thousand kilometers, suggesting the coin has no real connection with the settlements.

No Other Coins Found

A second problem is that no other coins have been found at the Canadian sites that were inhabited by the Norse. This suggests that the Norse did not bring any silver coins with them to their North American settlements.

No Use for European Coins

Third, the Norse who traveled to North America would have understood that silver coins would most likely be useless to them. Silver coins may have been in wide use in Europe at the time, but the Norse, as experienced explorers, would have known that native North Americans did not recognize silver coins as money.

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Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.

Actually, many archaeologists believe that the coin discussed in the reading is not a fake. They believe it represents genuine evidence that the Norse came into contact with Native Americans a thousand years ago.

First, the great distance of the Maine site from the Norse settlements in Canada. Well, many other objects found at that same Native American site had come from faraway places, not just the coin. There's a perfectly reasonable historical explanation for these objects. The Native Americans who lived at the Maine site traveled great distances within North America. They were interested in obtaining objects from faraway places. The Native Americans could have reached the Norse settlements during their travels and brought the silver coin back to Maine.

Second, does the fact we found no other coins at Norse settlements mean that the Norse didn't bring any coins with them? Not necessarily. The Norse didn't create permanent settlements in North America. At some point, they went back to Europe. When they packed for their return voyage, they packed up all their valuable possessions. They would have packed up all silver coins they had as well. So it's completely possible that the Norse had originally brought the coins with them to North America, but when they returned to Europe, they took the coins back with them.

Third, it's true that Native Americans wouldn't have viewed coins as money in the same way we do today, or the way the Norse did in Europe. But the Norse probably knew that the Native Americans valued attractive or unusual objects. Silver coins might have been very appealing because of their beauty. For example, they could have been used in necklaces or other types of jewelry. As long as Native Americans found the coins interesting and beautiful, the Norse could have used the coins to trade with them.

问题

Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they respond to the specific arguments presented in the reading passage.

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  • In the lecture, the professor casts doubt on the reading passage’s idea that the eleventh-century European silver coin discovered in Maine is not genuine historical evidence of Norse presence in North America. The professor asserts that the coin is likely authentic and provides plausible explanations to counter the doubts raised in the passage.

    Firstly, the passage claims that the site in Maine where the coin was found is too far from known Norse settlements in Canada, making it unlikely that the Norse brought the coin there. By contrast, the professor asserts that Native Americans in Maine traveled great distances and actively sought objects from faraway places. They could have reached Norse settlements, acquired the coin, and later brought it back to Maine.

    Secondly, the author of the passage points out that no other silver coins have been found at Norse settlements in Canada, suggesting that the Norse did not bring coins to North America. However, the lecture notes that the Norse did not establish permanent settlements and eventually returned to Europe. When they left, they likely took all valuable possessions, including silver coins, which explains why no coins were left behind.

    Lastly, the reading states that silver coins would have been useless to Native Americans because they did not use them as money. On the contrary, the professor contends that the Norse likely knew that Native Americans valued rare and decorative objects. Silver coins, being shiny and unusual, could have been used as jewelry or ornaments, making them desirable for trade.

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分数说明

1. E-rater 是ETS在托福考试中真实使用的写作机评系统,具有很高的参考价值。因真实的考试中还有人类评分的环节,因此机器评分不能简单等同于最终的考试分数

2. 经过对测试用户写作成绩数据分析,考满分老师为大家提供了 E-rater 与真实考试分数的对应关系,供参考:

原始分数与水平对应关系
(老师会跟进数据并不定期更新)
机评分数 参考成绩
5 - 6 25 分以上
3 - 4 18 - 24 分
1 - 2 17 分以下