[U] the hard substance that forms the main surface of the Earth

岩石;

To build the tunnel, they had to cut through 500 feet of solid rock .

为了建这条隧道，他们不得不凿穿 500 英尺的坚硬岩石。

Most of the country is desert and bare rock .

这个国家大部分地区都是沙漠和光秃秃的岩石。

massive rock formations (=shapes made naturally from rock)

巨大的岩层

ancient dark volcanic rock

古老的黑色火山岩

[C] a piece of rock, especially a large one that sticks up from the ground

〔尤指凸出地面的〕岩块，大石块:

Jack stood on a rock for a better view.

杰克站在一块大石头上，以便看得更清楚。

During the storm a ship had been driven onto the rocks (=a line of rocks under or next to the sea) .

暴风雨中有一艘船触礁了。

very strongly built or well supported and not likely to break or fall

坚如磐石/稳如磐石:

a large sofa, solid as a rock

一张稳如磐石的大沙发

someone who is as solid or steady as a rock is very strong and calm in difficult situations and you can depend on them

〔指人面对困难时〕坚定镇静的

[U] a very pure form of the illegal drug COCAINE that some people use for pleasure

石毒〔结晶体可卡因〕

[C] a small amount of this drug

少量石毒

to make the people in a place or organization feel very shocked – used in news reports

使震惊，使震动〔用于新闻报道〕;

The scandal rocked the nation.

丑闻震惊了全国。

to make the future of something seem less certain or steady than it was before, especially because of problems or changes

动摇;

Another financial blow has rocked the industry.

又一次金融冲击动摇了这个行业。

The theory rocked the foundations of social and moral life.

这一理论动摇了社会生活和道德生活的根基。