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This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Wayt Gibbs. Got a minute?

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A routine CAT-scan turns up a suspicious spot.

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Is it a benign lump? Or a cancerous tumor?

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In the case of lung spots, four out of five turn out to be harmless.

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Unfortunately, making that determination takes a long needle and a biopsy,

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which means a puncture wound in the chest and a risk of infection.

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Leroy Hood and colleagues at Seattle's Institute for Systems Biology have devised a painless blood test that could eliminate the need for most biopsies.

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They identified 371 proteins that coat lung tumors or leak out of them.

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Then they looked at blood samples taken from people who had had lung biopsies.

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A pattern emerged: 13 proteins were significantly higher or lower in patients who had lung cancer than in those whose lumps were benign.

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The researchers tried the blood test on different patients, and found that when it gave an "all-clear" result, it was correct 90% of the time.

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The work appears in the journal Science Translational Medicine.

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Indi, a diagnostics maker, is commercializing the blood test.

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Hood says the same approach should work for almost any disease,

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which could make diagnostics much less prickly.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Wayt Gibbs.

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