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This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. This'll just take a minute.

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Early humans began using fire about a million years ago.

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But it's been unclear when we began to control fire for our use, a key advance in the development of culture and civilization.

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Now, archaeologists report the discovery of the most ancient known hearth for making and using fire.

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The hearth appears to be 300,000 years old.

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Scientists found evidence of wood ash in the center of Qesem Cave in Israel.

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They removed a chunk of sediment and hardened it in the lab, so they could slice layers and evaluate them under the microscope.

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They found burnt bones, flint, wood ash and bits of burnt clay.

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There's charred flint and animal bones near the hearth, along with flint tools further away used for activities such as butchering.

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The research is in the Journal of Archaeological Science.

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The investigators say the large hearth was used repeatedly over time for a large group of people.

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Its centralized location and division of labor areas suggests social structure and spatial planning.

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The finding helps delineate a turning point in human social and cognitive development.

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This and other such hearths were crucibles that helped forge modern humanity and eventually us.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber.

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