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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. This'll just take a minute.
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2 .Early humans began using fire about a million years ago.
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3 .But it's been unclear when we began to control fire for our use, a key advance in the development of culture and civilization.
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4 .Now, archaeologists report the discovery of the most ancient known hearth for making and using fire.
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5 .The hearth appears to be 300,000 years old.
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6 .Scientists found evidence of wood ash in the center of Qesem Cave in Israel.
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7 .They removed a chunk of sediment and hardened it in the lab, so they could slice layers and evaluate them under the microscope.
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8 .They found burnt bones, flint, wood ash and bits of burnt clay.
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9 .There's charred flint and animal bones near the hearth, along with flint tools further away used for activities such as butchering.
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10 .The research is in the Journal of Archaeological Science.
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11 .The investigators say the large hearth was used repeatedly over time for a large group of people.
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12 .Its centralized location and division of labor areas suggests social structure and spatial planning.
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13 .The finding helps delineate a turning point in human social and cognitive development.
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14 .This and other such hearths were crucibles that helped forge modern humanity and eventually us.
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15 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber.
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