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This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Steve Mirsky. Got a minute?

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Telomeres are parts of chromosomes that protect the ends of the chromosomes.

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They're often likened to the aglets at the ends of shoelaces.

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And like aglets eventually crack, telomeres tend to get shorter over time, with each division of the cell.

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But they can be topped off again by an enzyme called telomerase reverse transcriptase.

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Various age-related diseases are associated with shortened telomeres.

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Elizabeth Blackburn won a Nobel Prize for her discoveries about telomeres and the telomerase enzyme.

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She recently did a Google Hangout with Scientific American editor-in-chief Mariette DiChristina, which included taking questions from attendees via social media:

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"Can telomeres actually grow longer in response to exercise?"

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"Well, we don't know if telomeres actually grow with exercise.

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But what is known, I'll give you a great example of a study. We didn't do it.

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Twins.So they looked at twins.

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This is a big study.

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And they said, of the twins who've actually done exercise, the one who did exercise and the one who didn't,

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so you'd be able to find a lot of twins it turns out, in that situation.

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And they said, who's got the longer telomeres.

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And it was the twin who did some exercise.

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The one who didn't had shorter telomeres.

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And yet their genes are the same.

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So you see, that tells you something quite nice.

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"And of course, well, you say, was it really the exercise, or was it something else that was different between the twins.

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And that's where epidemiology studies have to be done so carefully.

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But over and over again, we keep finding that same result, that the exercise is associated with a person who will have less telomere shortening.

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And so it looks like now it really is the exercise that's somehow keeping the shortening process from being too fast."

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The entire 27-minute Google Hangout with Mariette DiChristina and Nobel Laureate Elizabeth Blackburn is on our website.

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Just google Hangout and Elizabeth Blackburn.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Steve Mirsky.

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1 / 27
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This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Steve Mirsky. Got a minute?

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Telomeres are parts of chromosomes that protect the ends of the chromosomes.

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They're often likened to the aglets at the ends of shoelaces.

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4 / 27
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And like aglets eventually crack, telomeres tend to get shorter over time, with each division of the cell.

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5 / 27
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But they can be topped off again by an enzyme called telomerase reverse transcriptase.

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Various age-related diseases are associated with shortened telomeres.

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7 / 27
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Elizabeth Blackburn won a Nobel Prize for her discoveries about telomeres and the telomerase enzyme.

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She recently did a Google Hangout with Scientific American editor-in-chief Mariette DiChristina, which included taking questions from attendees via social media:

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9 / 27
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"Can telomeres actually grow longer in response to exercise?"

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10 / 27
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"Well, we don't know if telomeres actually grow with exercise.

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11 / 27
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But what is known, I'll give you a great example of a study. We didn't do it.

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12 / 27
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Twins.So they looked at twins.

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13 / 27
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This is a big study.

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14 / 27
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And they said, of the twins who've actually done exercise, the one who did exercise and the one who didn't,

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15 / 27
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so you'd be able to find a lot of twins it turns out, in that situation.

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16 / 27
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And they said, who's got the longer telomeres.

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17 / 27
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And it was the twin who did some exercise.

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18 / 27
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The one who didn't had shorter telomeres.

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19 / 27
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And yet their genes are the same.

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So you see, that tells you something quite nice.

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"And of course, well, you say, was it really the exercise, or was it something else that was different between the twins.

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22 / 27
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And that's where epidemiology studies have to be done so carefully.

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But over and over again, we keep finding that same result, that the exercise is associated with a person who will have less telomere shortening.

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And so it looks like now it really is the exercise that's somehow keeping the shortening process from being too fast."

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25 / 27
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The entire 27-minute Google Hangout with Mariette DiChristina and Nobel Laureate Elizabeth Blackburn is on our website.

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Just google Hangout and Elizabeth Blackburn.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Steve Mirsky.

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