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listen to part of a lecture in an art history class.

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I want to shift our focus a little bit today,

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the art we've been discussing, the various movements,

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all produced art one would expect to see in a museum or gallery,

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but there's a type of art called ephemeral art, that's not typically seen in museums.

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And ephemeral art, well, we're used to looking at paintings or sculptures that have a sense of permanence,

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that were created in part to preserve the image of a scene or a person or a particular moment in time,

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but this genre of art is different.

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It's created with the intention of having a finite life. It's not meant to last forever,

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and its fleeting and impermanent nature should be evident to the audience.

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Did anyone happen to see the university art magazine from last month

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there was a review written about the works of artist Nicole dexterous.

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Nicole dexterous,

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oh, I've read that article.

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So what can you tell us about her work? John,

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she had a series of sculptures called weed robes made from things like grass and flowers,

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twigs and branches. And the idea was that she'd leave each sculpture outside, and eventually it would fall apart and disintegrate

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good. She also made some massive sculptures in ice,

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clearly not the most stable material to work with.

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And I want to look at two points the author made.

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First, that the only purpose of ephemeral art is to stress impermanence,

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and secondly, that ephemeral art is something that's exclusively modern.

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You know, when John mentioned the sculptures made from grass and flowers,

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it reminded me of traditional African art. I studied another class,

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so I can see what you're getting at. It's not a new concept.

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I'm really glad you mentioned that

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when I first saw those weed robe sculptures,

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I was reminded of elaborate leaf costumes used in Africa,

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specifically in Burkina Faso.

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And these would be very traditional examples of ephemeral art.

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These are designs that have been recreated within communities for centuries.

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I am still a little confused about what you said about museums and all a little earlier.

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I mean, I've actually seen some really fragile natural fiber masks in museums before.

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That's certainly possible.

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After all, museum curators have ways of stabilizing organic degradable materials

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so they can be viewed almost indefinitely.

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So yes, on occasion, we can see ephemeral art in museums.

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The question is, should it be there?

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It may not be possible to understand a piece's true worth in the context of a museum or gallery.

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We have to realize that what's meant to endure is not the object itself,

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but rather the idea behind the object

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I mean, for instance, the leaf costumes I mentioned are used for a ceremony.

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Performers in these costumes enter a village from the east covered in bright green fresh leaves,

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as if they're born with the rising sun.

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they perform all throughout the day,

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and then later exit to the west and symbolically die with the setting sun.

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And after the performance, the costumes are actually destroyed.

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So the ceremony symbolically goes through the whole life cycle,

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birth, life and death in a day interesting.

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Ultimately, there are many ideas that ephemeral materials can help artists get across.

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I mean, consider Nicole Dexter's impermanence certainly isn't her only match her sculptures also express her thoughts about the fashion industry

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and the extent of its influence.

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On the other hand, in Burkina Faso,

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the leaf costumes communicate a completely different point

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respect for a particular cultural tradition.

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Those artists intentionally select the materials their ancestors before them used.

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It's making a statement about their beliefs,

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choosing to use another medium would be considered a form of betrayal to their community and its values.

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Now it's kind of ironic, actually, because in this particular example, there is something permanent being celebrated as well,

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the endurance of culture and tradition across generations,

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which means that at least in this instance,

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degradable material isn't just speaking to us

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about how all things are temporary.

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There's also a statement here about the importance of things that will last.

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