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第1段
1 .listen to part of a lecture in an art history class.
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2 .I want to shift our focus a little bit today,
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3 .the art we've been discussing, the various movements,
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4 .all produced art one would expect to see in a museum or gallery,
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5 .but there's a type of art called ephemeral art, that's not typically seen in museums.
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6 .And ephemeral art, well, we're used to looking at paintings or sculptures that have a sense of permanence,
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7 .that were created in part to preserve the image of a scene or a person or a particular moment in time,
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8 .but this genre of art is different.
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9 .It's created with the intention of having a finite life. It's not meant to last forever,
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10 .and its fleeting and impermanent nature should be evident to the audience.
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11 .Did anyone happen to see the university art magazine from last month
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12 .there was a review written about the works of artist Nicole dexterous.
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13 .Nicole dexterous,
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14 .oh, I've read that article.
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15 .So what can you tell us about her work? John,
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16 .she had a series of sculptures called weed robes made from things like grass and flowers,
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17 .twigs and branches. And the idea was that she'd leave each sculpture outside, and eventually it would fall apart and disintegrate
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18 .good. She also made some massive sculptures in ice,
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19 .clearly not the most stable material to work with.
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20 .And I want to look at two points the author made.
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21 .First, that the only purpose of ephemeral art is to stress impermanence,
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22 .and secondly, that ephemeral art is something that's exclusively modern.
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23 .You know, when John mentioned the sculptures made from grass and flowers,
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24 .it reminded me of traditional African art. I studied another class,
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25 .so I can see what you're getting at. It's not a new concept.
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26 .I'm really glad you mentioned that
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27 .when I first saw those weed robe sculptures,
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28 .I was reminded of elaborate leaf costumes used in Africa,
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29 .specifically in Burkina Faso.
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30 .And these would be very traditional examples of ephemeral art.
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31 .These are designs that have been recreated within communities for centuries.
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32 .I am still a little confused about what you said about museums and all a little earlier.
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33 .I mean, I've actually seen some really fragile natural fiber masks in museums before.
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34 .That's certainly possible.
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35 .After all, museum curators have ways of stabilizing organic degradable materials
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36 .so they can be viewed almost indefinitely.
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37 .So yes, on occasion, we can see ephemeral art in museums.
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38 .The question is, should it be there?
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39 .It may not be possible to understand a piece's true worth in the context of a museum or gallery.
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40 .We have to realize that what's meant to endure is not the object itself,
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41 .but rather the idea behind the object
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42 .I mean, for instance, the leaf costumes I mentioned are used for a ceremony.
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43 .Performers in these costumes enter a village from the east covered in bright green fresh leaves,
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44 .as if they're born with the rising sun.
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45 .they perform all throughout the day,
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46 .and then later exit to the west and symbolically die with the setting sun.
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47 .And after the performance, the costumes are actually destroyed.
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48 .So the ceremony symbolically goes through the whole life cycle,
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49 .birth, life and death in a day interesting.
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50 .Ultimately, there are many ideas that ephemeral materials can help artists get across.
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51 .I mean, consider Nicole Dexter's impermanence certainly isn't her only match her sculptures also express her thoughts about the fashion industry
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52 .and the extent of its influence.
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53 .On the other hand, in Burkina Faso,
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54 .the leaf costumes communicate a completely different point
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55 .respect for a particular cultural tradition.
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56 .Those artists intentionally select the materials their ancestors before them used.
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57 .It's making a statement about their beliefs,
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58 .choosing to use another medium would be considered a form of betrayal to their community and its values.
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59 .Now it's kind of ironic, actually, because in this particular example, there is something permanent being celebrated as well,
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60 .the endurance of culture and tradition across generations,
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61 .which means that at least in this instance,
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62 .degradable material isn't just speaking to us
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63 .about how all things are temporary.
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64 .There's also a statement here about the importance of things that will last.
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