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This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. Got a minute?

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Early warning systems can be the difference between life and death in earthquake-prone regions, but they're expensive.

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The U.S., Mexico and Japan have such systems.

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That leaves large swaths of Central and South America, Asia and the Caribbean unprotected.

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Now, scientists think one solution could be hiding in our pockets: our cell phones.

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Smartphones employ the latest GPS technology.

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So scientists tested arrays of smartphones to determine if they could measure displacement caused by the earth's shaking, and signal the subtle beginnings of an earthquake.

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For the experiment, the researchers used a hypothetical magnitude 7 earthquake in California and data from the real magnitude 9 earthquake off the coast of Japan in 2011 that led to the tsunami that caused the nuclear accident at Fukushima.

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They found that as few as 500 cell phones in California could alert the public five seconds before an event, enough time to at least move to a less vulnerable part of a room or dive under a desk.

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For the Japanese earthquake, early warning would not have helped in the region closest to the epicenter.

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But such an alert could have helped cut damage in downtown Tokyo.

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And the information would have reached the coastline lifesaving minutes before the resulting tsunami waves did.

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The research is in the journal Science Advances.

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The scientists say various technological details need to be worked out, such as how companies would allow smartphones to access and share the raw data.

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They point out that instead of waiting to buy expensive top-grade scientific equipment, governments could consider creating interim early detection systems based on arrays of sensitive smartphones.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber.

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