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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. Got a minute?
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2 .Early warning systems can be the difference between life and death in earthquake-prone regions, but they're expensive.
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3 .The U.S., Mexico and Japan have such systems.
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4 .That leaves large swaths of Central and South America, Asia and the Caribbean unprotected.
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5 .Now, scientists think one solution could be hiding in our pockets: our cell phones.
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6 .Smartphones employ the latest GPS technology.
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7 .So scientists tested arrays of smartphones to determine if they could measure displacement caused by the earth's shaking, and signal the subtle beginnings of an earthquake.
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8 .For the experiment, the researchers used a hypothetical magnitude 7 earthquake in California and data from the real magnitude 9 earthquake off the coast of Japan in 2011 that led to the tsunami that caused the nuclear accident at Fukushima.
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9 .They found that as few as 500 cell phones in California could alert the public five seconds before an event, enough time to at least move to a less vulnerable part of a room or dive under a desk.
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10 .For the Japanese earthquake, early warning would not have helped in the region closest to the epicenter.
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11 .But such an alert could have helped cut damage in downtown Tokyo.
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12 .And the information would have reached the coastline lifesaving minutes before the resulting tsunami waves did.
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13 .The research is in the journal Science Advances.
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14 .The scientists say various technological details need to be worked out, such as how companies would allow smartphones to access and share the raw data.
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15 .They point out that instead of waiting to buy expensive top-grade scientific equipment, governments could consider creating interim early detection systems based on arrays of sensitive smartphones.
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16 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber.
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