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This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. Got a minute?

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An honest error has led to promising research into the development of species-specific insecticides.

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The account is in the journal Nature Communications.

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A team of Johns Hopkins scientists study sodium channels responsible for electrical signaling in nerve cells from humans and from cockroaches.

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Spider venom protein messes with these sodium channels, that's why venom is dangerous.

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So the researchers use spider venom protein to disrupt the channels and thus clarify exactly how the channels function.

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The researchers recently asked for venom protein samples from Australian collaborators.

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And the Aussies accidentally included a spider venom protein that has no effect on humans or American cockroaches.

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In their tests, the Hopkins researchers found when sodium channels from German cockroaches were exposed to the mistakenly included sample,

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their activity skyrocketed, enough to cause death-inducing seizures.

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Intrigued that the American roach sodium channel laughed off the venom that would kill the German roach,

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the scientists found a key region on the two species' channels that differed by only two amino acids.

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The scientists say the information could help with the creation of insecticides that target one harmful insect species without hurting beneficial ones, like bees.

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As the study authors note: "The more specific a toxin's target, the less dangerous it is for everything else."

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber.

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