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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. Got a minute?
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2 .An honest error has led to promising research into the development of species-specific insecticides.
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3 .The account is in the journal Nature Communications.
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4 .A team of Johns Hopkins scientists study sodium channels responsible for electrical signaling in nerve cells from humans and from cockroaches.
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5 .Spider venom protein messes with these sodium channels, that's why venom is dangerous.
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6 .So the researchers use spider venom protein to disrupt the channels and thus clarify exactly how the channels function.
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7 .The researchers recently asked for venom protein samples from Australian collaborators.
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8 .And the Aussies accidentally included a spider venom protein that has no effect on humans or American cockroaches.
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9 .In their tests, the Hopkins researchers found when sodium channels from German cockroaches were exposed to the mistakenly included sample,
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10 .their activity skyrocketed, enough to cause death-inducing seizures.
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11 .Intrigued that the American roach sodium channel laughed off the venom that would kill the German roach,
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12 .the scientists found a key region on the two species' channels that differed by only two amino acids.
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13 .The scientists say the information could help with the creation of insecticides that target one harmful insect species without hurting beneficial ones, like bees.
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14 .As the study authors note: "The more specific a toxin's target, the less dangerous it is for everything else."
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15 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber.
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