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This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin. This'll just take a minute.

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In the time it takes you to listen to this story, an elephant could empty its bladder about three times.

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And, despite being much smaller, so could an adult cat.

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And a goat. Also a cow.

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Because researchers find that all mammals that weigh more than six-and-a-half pounds or so take about the same time to pee: 21 seconds, plus or minus 13 seconds.

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The researchers videoed various mammals urinating at Zoo Atlanta.

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And they found that, once you get above the squirrel-mouse-shrew level, tinkle-time does not scale with body size.

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It's good news for elephants, who could otherwise spend all day going number one.

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Seems that larger animals have a longer urethra, the conduit that whisks the wee-wee away.

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That difference in size is big enough that gravity starts to really weigh in.

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As a result, when Jumbo answers nature's call he has a much faster flow than does Mittens.

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Given the urethra's structure, the researchers say that the mammalian urinary system can be "scaled up by a factor of 3,600 in volume without compromising its function."

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The study is in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

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This hydrodynamic finding could help engineers design systems that rapidly drain reservoirs, regardless of size.

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It also means if Mittens and Jumbo hit the head together, they can come out at the same time.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.

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