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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin. This'll just take a minute.
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2 .In the time it takes you to listen to this story, an elephant could empty its bladder about three times.
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3 .And, despite being much smaller, so could an adult cat.
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4 .And a goat. Also a cow.
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5 .Because researchers find that all mammals that weigh more than six-and-a-half pounds or so take about the same time to pee: 21 seconds, plus or minus 13 seconds.
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6 .The researchers videoed various mammals urinating at Zoo Atlanta.
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7 .And they found that, once you get above the squirrel-mouse-shrew level, tinkle-time does not scale with body size.
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8 .It's good news for elephants, who could otherwise spend all day going number one.
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9 .Seems that larger animals have a longer urethra, the conduit that whisks the wee-wee away.
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10 .That difference in size is big enough that gravity starts to really weigh in.
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11 .As a result, when Jumbo answers nature's call he has a much faster flow than does Mittens.
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12 .Given the urethra's structure, the researchers say that the mammalian urinary system can be "scaled up by a factor of 3,600 in volume without compromising its function."
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13 .The study is in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
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14 .This hydrodynamic finding could help engineers design systems that rapidly drain reservoirs, regardless of size.
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15 .It also means if Mittens and Jumbo hit the head together, they can come out at the same time.
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16 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.
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