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This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Clara Moskowitz. Got a minute?

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Astronomers have discovered a trove of galaxies that are virtually invisible¡ªbecause they're made almost entirely of dark matter.

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The Subaru telescope in Hawaii spotted 854 of these oddballs, which are referred to as ¡°ultradiffuse galaxies,¡± by detecting what little light they do produce.

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They were all found in what's called the Coma Cluster of galaxies.

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The report is in The Astrophysical Journal Letters.

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Of course, scientists still do not know just what dark matter is.

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But they can detect its presence through its gravitational effects on the normal matter that we can see.

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That's how we know that dark matter seems to be ubiquitous in the universe, especially in these newly found, barely visible galaxies.

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Many of these galaxies are about the size of our Milky Way, but contain just a thousandth as many stars.

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Researchers estimate that dark matter accounts for 99 percent of these galaxies' mass.

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How such objects could form is a mystery.

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They probably started out with a healthy complement of star-forming gas, just like normal galaxies, but somehow lost it.

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The gas might have blown away as the galaxies moved through the Coma Cluster, or maybe other galaxies' gravity dragged it off.

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Further study of these ultradiffuse galaxies should clarify the situation, and may even shine some light on the fundamental nature of dark matter.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Clara Moskowitz.

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