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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Clara Moskowitz. Got a minute?
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2 .Astronomers have discovered a trove of galaxies that are virtually invisible¡ªbecause they're made almost entirely of dark matter.
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3 .The Subaru telescope in Hawaii spotted 854 of these oddballs, which are referred to as ¡°ultradiffuse galaxies,¡± by detecting what little light they do produce.
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4 .They were all found in what's called the Coma Cluster of galaxies.
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5 .The report is in The Astrophysical Journal Letters.
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6 .Of course, scientists still do not know just what dark matter is.
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7 .But they can detect its presence through its gravitational effects on the normal matter that we can see.
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8 .That's how we know that dark matter seems to be ubiquitous in the universe, especially in these newly found, barely visible galaxies.
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9 .Many of these galaxies are about the size of our Milky Way, but contain just a thousandth as many stars.
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10 .Researchers estimate that dark matter accounts for 99 percent of these galaxies' mass.
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11 .How such objects could form is a mystery.
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12 .They probably started out with a healthy complement of star-forming gas, just like normal galaxies, but somehow lost it.
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13 .The gas might have blown away as the galaxies moved through the Coma Cluster, or maybe other galaxies' gravity dragged it off.
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14 .Further study of these ultradiffuse galaxies should clarify the situation, and may even shine some light on the fundamental nature of dark matter.
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15 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Clara Moskowitz.
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