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第1段
1 .<-NARRATOR:-> Listen to part of a lecture in an environmental science class.
听一段环境科学讲座节选。
第2段
1 .<-FEMALE PROFESSOR:-> OK. So what are some of the most effective public policies when it comes to fighting environmental problems?
好的，关于解决环境问题，什么是最有效的公共政策呢？
第3段
1 .There’re a lot of different approaches but, and this is in my opinion,
有很多的解决办法，但我想说的是这个，
2 .too often we underestimate how much can be accomplished just by appealing to people’s sense of moral duty… to their civic duty…
我们通常会低估的是，通过触动人们的道德责任，触动人们的公民责任所能实现的效果...
3 .in other words, getting people to voluntarily stop polluting because…well just because it’s the right thing to do.
换句话说，仅仅通过提醒做正确的事情，就能动员人们自愿停止污染。
第4段
1 .These programs that try to get people to voluntarily stop doing things that hurt the environment are called moral suasion.
这些试图让人们自愿停止破坏环境行为的项目被称为道德规劝。
第5段
1 .Now obviously, this type of approach won’t be effective for all problems but it will solve some…for some environmental concerns, moral suasion has been very effective.
现在，明显的是，这类方法并非对所有问题有效，但解决一些问题......对于某些环境问题来说，道德规劝确实非常有效。
2 .The classic case is uh…well, Smokey the Bear.
一个经典的案例是...嗯嗯，熏熊。
第6段
1 .Now don’t laugh, when the Forest Service first came out with the Smokey the Bear campaign, it may have seemed a little “childish.”
不要笑，当森林管理部门首次推出熏熊项目的时候，它确实显得有些”幼稚“。
第7段
1 .You remember the character--the bear--dressed up like a forest ranger…
你记得，主角——熊——打扮成森林管理员的样子...
2 .saying things like, “Please don’t hurt my animal friends, or please don’t start forest fires”…well, it worked.
呼喊着类似“请不要伤害我的动物朋友，请不要放野火”...然而，这很有效。
第8段
1 .It worked because it made people more sensitive to these problems.
这个方法有效，是因为它让人们对问题更加敏感。
2 .This Smokey the Bear campaign--this kind of campaign in general--raises people’s awareness of the problem and appeals to their sense of moral duty…to do the right thing.
这个熏熊项目——还有类似的项目——提升了人们对问题的意识，唤醒了人们的道德责任...去做正确的事情。
第9段
1 .Another good example of this is recycling.
另外一个这方面的好例子是循环利用。
2 .In the early days of recycling, local communities promoted these voluntary efforts…they made people aware of the need to reduce the amount of garbage by recycling.
在循环利用的早起阶段，本地社区推广这些志愿者活动...它们让人意识到通过循环利用减少垃圾数量的必要性。
3 .They provided neighborhoods with containers to put their glass and newspapers in--instead of throwing ’em away.
它们为邻居提供盛放玻璃和报纸的容器——这样就不用把东西扔掉了。
第10段
1 .Some people started doing it and others followed.
一些人开始这样做，更多人开始跟进。
2 .Maybe people thought, “I have this recycling container, my neighbor’s doing it, I should do it too”.
或许人们在想“我有这个循环容器，我的邻居在做，所有我也应该做。”
第11段
1 .Nowadays of course, everyone recycles.
如今，自然而然地，每个人都在循环利用。
2 .The point is…in order to get people to really do it, to get high rates of compliance…the program heavily relied on moral suasion.
关键是...要想人真正做，要达到高的遵守率，该项目严重地依赖道德劝告。