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第1段
1 .<-NARRATOR:-> Listen to part of a lecture in a psychology class.
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第2段
1 .<-FEMALE PROFESSOR:-> Children like to play. Everybody knows that.
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2 .When kids play, they have fun.
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3 .But there's more to play than just having fun.
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4 .Play's also important if kids are to develop in an emotionally healthy way.
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5 .From a psychological perspective...
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6 .well, let's talk about two reasons psychologists believe play benefits kids.
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第3段
1 .First, play helps children feel more in control.
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2 .Why? Well, some psychologists have suggested that small children often feel helpless--
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3 .they have to depend on other people-adults--for everything.
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4 .They've got very little control over their own lives--
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5 .parents decide when they eat, what they eat, what they wear...
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6 .This constant state of dependency can make kids feel uneasy and anxious.
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7 .But when kids play,
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8 .they're able to control their world of play--
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9 .they decide...
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10 .oh...which toy they're gonna play with, and how they're going to play with it.
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11 .Maybe they take some building blocks and make a building out of them.
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12 .They're constructing something with no help at all.
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13 .So, according to this theory,
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14 .playing gives children a sense of being in control,
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15 .and they don't feel so helpless.
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第4段
1 .And here's another way
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2 .play contributes to healthy psychological development.
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3 .It gives children a safe way to explore certain urges-
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4 .desires--they have,
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5 .but ones that don't represent...well...typically acceptable behavior.
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6 .For example, ah take the urge to be destructive.
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7 .All kids have this urge,
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8 .but if they try to act on it and start actually breaking things or messing things up around the house,
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9 .their parents' ll get upset.
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10 .But kids are naturally curious...
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11 .they want to explore what it's like to be destructive
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12 .but they don't want their parents to be upset with them.
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13 .So by acting out destructive behaviors during play,
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14 .the problem is solved.
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15 .¡®Cause in play,
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16 .they're allowed to be destructive.
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17 .Think about it...ah think of the example before, where a kid builds something out of blocks.
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18 .Isn't it really common to see a kid
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19 .build a tower or something and then just smash it all down?
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20 .Destructive...in a way, but no harm done, right?
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