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第1段

1 .<-NARRATOR:->Listen to part of a lecture in a music history class.

旁白:听下面一段音乐史课堂的讲解。

第2段

1 .<-MALE PROFESSOR:->So, uh, if you were a musician in the United States in the early twentieth century, where could you work?

教授:嗯,如果你是美国二十世纪早期的音乐人,你会在哪里工作呢?

第3段

1 .<-MALE STUDENT:->Same as now, I suppose... in an orchestra mainly...

学生:我想和现在一样吧,主要在管弦乐队里工作。

第4段

1 .<-MALE PROFESSOR:->OK, and where would the orchestra be playing?

教授:好的,那么管弦乐队又在哪里演奏呢?

第5段

1 .<-MALE STUDENT:->Uh, in a concert hall... or a dance hall?

学生:呃,在音乐会或者舞厅?

第6段

1 .<-MALE PROFESSOR:->That's right, and smaller groups of musicians were needed in theaters as accompaniment to visual entertainment, like cabarets and variety shows; but, the largest employer for musicians back then was the film industry- especially during the silent-film era.

教授:是的。还有一些视觉娱乐项目,也会需要一群音乐人在剧场里伴奏,如卡巴雷歌舞及各种各样的表演等,但是那时候最需要音乐人的产业却是电影业,尤其是在无声电影时代。

第7段

1 .<-MALE STUDENT:->Really? You mean being a piano player or something? I thought movie theaters would have used recorded music...

学生:真的吗?你的意思是钢琴家之类的?我以为电影剧场里会用些录制好的音乐。

第8段

1 .<-MALE PROFESSOR:->Well, no, not during the silent-film era.

教授:不是的,不是在无声电影时代。

2 .We're talking a period of maybe 30 years where working in movie theaters was the best job for musicians. It was very well paid.

那三十年,音乐人最好的工作就是在电影剧场里面工作,他们薪水很高。

3 .The rapid growth of the film industry meant movie theaters were popping up everywhere... so suddenly there was this huge demand for musicians.

电影业的迅速发展使电影剧场到处涌现,所以突然间对音乐人的需求非常大。

4 .In fact, over 20,000 jobs for musicians were gone- disappeared-at the end of the silent-film era.

事实上,在无声电影时代结束的时期,有两万多的音乐人失业。

5 .Twenty-thousand!

2万人!

6 .OK, so, from the beginning, music was a big part of film.

好了,那我们从头来说。音乐是电影中非常重要的一部分,

7 .Even at the first...

即使是在在最初…

第9段

1 .Excuse me, Professor?

打扰一下教授。

2 .I think I read somewhere that they used music to drown out the sound of the film projectors...

我想我在哪里读到过,他们是用音乐的声音来淹没电影放映机的声音是吗?

第10段

1 .Ye-yeah, that's a good story, isn't it?

是的。很有意思吧。

2 .Too bad it keeps getting printed as if it were the only reason music was used.

问题是人们总在这样说,好像这是放音乐唯一的原因一样。

3 .Well, think about it.

但是你们想想,

4 .Even if that were the case, noisy projectors were separated from the main house pretty quickly- yet music continued to accompany film... so...

即便如此,不久之后有噪音的放映机就与放映厅分割开来了,但还是有音乐继续来为电影伴奏。

第11段

1 .As I was saying, even the very first public projection of a movie had piano accompaniment... so music was pretty much always there.

所以正如我说的,即使是第一个公映的电影也有钢琴的伴奏,音乐一直都在。

2 .What's strange to me, though, is that at first, film music didn't necessarily correspond to what was on the screen.

而让我感到奇怪的是,起初的电影配乐是不需要和荧幕上的内容相关的。

3 .You know, a fast number for a chase; deep bass notes for danger; something light and humorous for comedy... and that's instantly recognizable now, even expected.

你们知道,嗯,追逐场景用快节奏的音乐,危险的场景用低沉的贝斯,喜剧用轻快幽默的音乐,现在大家很快就能识别出来,甚至人们期待这样的背景音乐。

4 .But, in the very early days of film, any music was played.

但是在电影早期,任何音乐都演奏过。

5 .A theater owner would just buy a pile of sheet music, and musicians would play it, no matter what it was.

剧院的院长就是随便买来一堆活页乐谱,音乐人们演奏就可以了,而不管内容是什么。

6 .Pretty quickly though, thankfully, everybody realized the music should suit the film.

幸好不久之后,大家意识到音乐应该和电影的内容相符合。

第12段

1 .So, eventually, filmmakers tried to get more control over the musical accompaniment of their films and specified what type of music to use, and how fast or slow to play it...

所以最终,电影制片人开始尝试控制音乐人的伴奏,专门规定使用什么样的音乐,用快节拍还是慢节拍来进行演奏。

第13段

1 .Are you saying there was no music written specifically for a particular movie?

你的意思是说没有专门为电影写的音乐吗?

第14段

1 .Yeah, original scores weren't common then.

没有,原创音乐在那时还并不普遍。

2 .Rarely, a filmmaker might send along an original score composed especially for a film... but usually a compilation of music that already existed would be used.

很少有电影制片人会专门为一部电影进行原版音乐创作,通常是使用已经存在了的音乐。

3 .Yeah, that was a good time for a lot of musicians.

是啊,那时候对于音乐人来讲真是个黄金时期。

4 .But that all changed with the introduction of sound-on-film technology.

但是在有声电影技术出现以后,一切都改变了。

第15段

1 .Actually, even before that- organs could mimic a number of instruments and also do some sound effects, so they were starting to replace live orchestras in some movie theaters.

事实上,甚至在那之前,风琴可以模仿许多乐器,还可以做一些音效,所以在一些电影剧场就开始雇佣一个人来演奏风琴。

2 .And it only takes one person to play an organ...

从而取代了乐团。

第16段

1 .OK, but even after that, someone still had to play the music for the sound recordings, the soundtracks...

好的。但是即便在那之后,还是需要有人继续为音乐录制来演奏啊,就是电影配乐唱片。

第17段

1 .Yeah, but, think of all the movie theaters there were, most employing about six to eight musicians.

是的,但是想想那时所有电影剧院多数都雇佣六到八个音乐人

2 .Some even had full orchestras.

有的甚至是整个管弦乐队。

3 .But in the early 1930s, most theater owners installed new sound systems.

而在 20 世纪 30 年代初,多数的剧院拥有者们都安装了新的有声系统。

4 .So suddenly a lot of musicians were looking for work.

所以突然间,音乐人们都开始找工作了。

第18段

1 .Once recording technology took off, studio jobs, working exclusively for one film company, uh, studio jobs did become available.

录制技术取消以后,录音工作室专门为一个电影公司工作,呃,工作室的工作就炙手可热起来。

2 .But the thing is, each major movie company pretty much had only one orchestra for all their productions... a set number of regular musicians... so, if you could get it, studio musician was a good job- if you were cut out for it.

但问题是,每个大的电影公司基本都只有一个乐团来负责所有的电影生产,就是一群固定的音乐人,所以你就会发现,播音室音乐人的工作是很好的。如果你适合的它(音乐人的工作)的话。

3 .Musicians had to be able to read music very well, since the producers were very conscious of how much money they were spending- they didn't want to waste any time.

那么音乐人就要具备很好的读懂音乐的能力,因为制片人们知道他们的钱要花的恰到好处,他们可不想浪费时间。

4 .So, a musician was expected to play complicated pieces of music pretty much without any preparation.

所以音乐人要在毫无准备的情况下来演奏许多复杂的音乐。

5 .If one couldn't do it, there were plenty of others waiting to try, so there was a lot of pressure to do well.

如果你不能做到的话,还有很多人乐意去尝试,因此想做好的话需要很大的压力。