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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata. Got a minute?
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2 .These days, antibiotics are no silver bullet.
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3 .In fact, if you get them in the hospital, you may end up with an additional infection.
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4 .Like the bug Clostridium difficile, or C.diff,
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5 .which infects more than 300,000 Americans a year and kills some 14,000.
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6 .C.diff flourishes in the post-antibiotic, microbe-free landscape of your gut.
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7 .But there is a way to stop it, a fecal transplant.
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8 .That cocktail of microbes from a healthy person's gut can rein in a C.diff outbreak.
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9 .The question is not eewww?
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10 .It's: what are the transplant's active ingredients?
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11 .Well, one of them appears to be a bacterium called Clostridium scindens.
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12 .Because in past studies, people and mice that harbored C.scindens were protected against a full-blown C.diff infection.
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13 .So researchers dosed mice with the good guy, C.scindens, after a bout of antibiotics.
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14 .And the treatment did indeed ward off C.diff, compared to a cocktail of other microbes, or nothing at all.
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15 .C.scindens makes a living by breaking down bile, the researchers say, and it's those secondary products that seem to inhibit C.diff.
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16 .The findings are in the journal Nature.
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17 .This work could lead to more targeted probiotic treatments.
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18 .But study author Eric Pamer of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center says it's worth remembering that when it comes to microbes, the sum is often greater than its parts.
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19 ."In some ways I would say this is far more complex than an orchestra, in that there are many more interdependencies,
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20 .and many of which we just don't understand yet, but that are starting to be illuminated by ongoing work."
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21 .Now, at least, we know one of the featured performers.
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22 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.
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