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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Earth. I'm David Biello. Your minute begins now.
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2 .For the first time in human history, more people now live in cities than the countryside,
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3 .a trend of increasing urbanization that is expected to continue.
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4 .Based on data from thousands of cities on everything from number of patents generated to road lengths,
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5 .researchers at the Santa Fe Institute have uncovered the math by which human settlements grow from town to city to metropolis.
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6 .So, for example, a social network between people within the city grows in a mathematical relationship with the increase in the size and quality of infrastructure, such as roads, power lines and the like.
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7 .In essence, the bigger the city, the greater the opportunities,
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8 .but negatives or costs also rise, such as crime or traffic congestion.
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9 .To optimize urban function, the research suggests following policies that allow for a denser web of human connections while minimizing the costs imposed by transportation and energy use.
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10 .The real test of these ideas will be how they stack up against data from the burgeoning cities of the developing world.
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11 .China alone has added hundreds of cities with millions of people in just the last few decades, and wants to add yet more.
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12 .To do it right, city planners will need to brush up on their math.
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13 .Your minute is up, for Scientific American 60-Second Earth. I'm David Biello.
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