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1 .This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin. This'll just take a minute.
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2 .Taste may be the least understood of our five senses.
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3 .Even basic questions, like where do taste buds come from, remained mysterious. Until now.
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4 .In a study published in the journal Stem Cell, scientists have identified the elusive "parental" cell that give rise to the daughter cells responsible for taste.
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5 .Taste buds are made of clusters of taste cells, which contain the receptors for sweet, salty, sour, bitter and umami.
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6 .They're concentrated in the bumpy papillae that cover the tongue's surface.
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7 .But taste buds are not static structures.
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8 .Their resident taste cells live only about two weeks before being replaced by newborn baby taste cells.
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9 .After all, a pizza burn is not permanent.
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10 .But no one knew the address of the taste cell nursery.
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11 .To track it down, scientists scanned the tongue for cells that produce the same marker protein as the body's other stem cells,
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12 .which give rise to our other specialized cells.
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13 .The researchers discovered a reservoir of stem cells that line the trenches around the papillae at the back of the tongue.
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14 .These stem cells can produce all of the different taste cell types,
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15 .and so allow us to savor all of life's flavors.
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16 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.
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