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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. Got a minute?
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2 .Everybody eats. and consumers increasingly try to consider the environmental effects of their food choices.
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3 .For example, if you want to eat meat, how do your choices compare?
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4 .That's what a group of researchers set out to discover.
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5 .And they found that raising one animal is dramatically more environmentally draining than all the others: cows.
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6 .The research is in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
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7 .The scientists noted the challenge in accessing data and creating metrics that can be compared across livestock and to potato, wheat and rice production.
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8 .They settled on national data from the U.S.Departments of Agriculture, the Interior and Energy.
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9 .The team calculated the production costs by assessing land area, water needs and fertilizer.
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10 .They also analyzed greenhouse gas emissions.
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11 .Producing pork, poultry, eggs and dairy were between two and six times less efficient than growing potatoes, wheat and rice.
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12 .And in the current agricultural system, beef uses 28 times more land, 11 times more water and 6 times more fertilizer than the average of the other categories of livestock.
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13 .Cattle ranching also creates five times more greenhouse gas emissions.
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14 .The researchers hope this data will help consumers make informed choices and policy makers create systems that can reduce the environmental costs of what we eat.
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15 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.I'm Cynthia Graber.
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