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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. Got a minute?
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2 .Humans have historically seen large carnivores such as wolves and bears as threats to our livelihoods, or lives.
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3 .They might, say, eat our sheep. Or our family.
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4 .So, as the human population has grown, the numbers of large carnivores has generally plummeted.
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5 .Which has unfortunate consequences.
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6 .For example, without wolves in the northeast, ubiquitous deer spread disease and cause traffic accidents.
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7 .But there's good news out of Europe, some large carnivores are rebounding.
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8 .The finding is in the journal Science.
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9 .Researchers evaluated populations of brown bears, Eurasian lynx, grey wolves and wolverines in mainland Europe, not including Russia, Belarus and Ukraine.
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10 .They found that a third of the remaining area has at least one large carnivore species.
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11 .Scandinavia hosts all four species.
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12 .And the numbers are generally either stable or increasing.
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13 .Interestingly, most of the carnivores are found outside protected conservation areas.
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14 .A variety of reasons accounts for the success story.
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15 .European laws protect carnivores, and larger open tracts of land host increasing prey.
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16 .Stable political systems make it easier to enforce the laws.
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17 .And older traditions of protecting livestock via guard dogs, fences and shepherds have been supplemented by nonlethal electric fences.
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18 .The researchers say the study shows that carnivores and humans can live together in much greater densities.
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19 .They note that the area examined has doubled the human population density of the U.S.
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20 .But it also has twice as many wolves.
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21 .The better to keep the deer in check.
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22 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber.
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