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1 .This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Wayt Gibbs. Got a minute?
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2 .If you want to see evolution at work, visit a hospital.
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3 .Inside a sick patient, antibiotics wipe out infectious bacteria by the millions.
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4 .But germs are always mutating.
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5 .A few adapt to resist the drug, so they survive and spread.
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6 .Such antibiotic-resistant bacteria infect two million Americans every year; they kill 23,000.
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7 .In this arms race between medicine and evolution, evolution is winning.
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8 .But could we turn evolution against bacteria?
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9 .It turns out that when bacteria mutate to become resistant to one antibiotic, they often become more vulnerable to a different drug.
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10 .So maybe after a jab with the left, a roundhouse to the right will deliver a knockout blow.
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11 .To test this idea, researchers in Denmark dosed batches of E.coli with 23 different antibiotics, and waited for resistance to evolve.
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12 .In three-quarters of the cases, the mutant germs became more susceptible to a second drug.
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13 .The work appears in the journal Science Translational Medicine.
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14 .One particular combination of widely used antibiotics—gentamicin, then cefuroxime, then gentamicin again, and so on,
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15 .looks like it could hold the bugs at bay indefinitely.
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16 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Wayt Gibbs.
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