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1 .This is Scientific American's 60-Second Space. I'm Clara Moskowitz. Got a minute?
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2 .If Martians exist, even the microbial sort, they probably need liquid water.
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3 .Temperatures on the surface of the red planet are below freezing, but signs exist that water flowed in the past,
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4 .and perhaps still does, thanks to a Martian version of anti-freeze.
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5 .Salts lower the freezing point of water, as anyone knows who's thrown salt on an icy sidewalk.
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6 .And both NASA's Phoenix and Curiosity missions found salts called perchlorates sprinkled around the Martian surface.
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7 .To see how perchlorates might act on Mars, researchers recreated the pressure, humidity and temperature of the planet inside a metal cylinder.
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8 .They put a thin layer of perchlorates on top of water ice inside the chamber.
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9 .Within minutes, droplets of liquid water formed, even at minus 100 degrees Fahrenheit.
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10 .Some scientists thought perchlorates might condense water vapor from the atmosphere.
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11 .But within the cylinder, no liquid water formed in the presence of salts, either alone or on Mars-like soil, unless ice was present too.
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12 .The study is in the journal Geophysical Research Letters.
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13 .The finding study could explain mysterious globules seen on the leg of the Phoenix in 2008.
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14 .The lander may have been dotted with drops of otherworldly water.
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15 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American's 60-Second Space. I'm Clara Moskowitz.
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