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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Science, I'm Christopher Intagliata. Got a minute?
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2 .It may not be the legendary matchup squid vs octopus, but imagine this fight: sea-dwelling cone snail versus tiny fish!
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3 .Who wins?
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4 .Well, true, the fish can dart away.
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5 .But the snail has chemical weapons.
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6 ."So they use a whole cocktail of compounds and most of them are neurotoxins and they just completely wipe out the prey's physiology, right, so they prey cannot respond anymore."
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7 .Helena Safavi, a biologist at the University of Utah.
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8 .She and her colleagues discovered that the cone snail's venom contains not only neurotoxins, but insulin, too,
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9 .which the snail's prey take in through their gills.
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10 .And that insulin overdose causes the fish's blood sugar to plummet, depriving its brain of energy, and inducing a coma.
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11 ."And that's what happens when you give people an insulin overdose, you can cause coma and then death depending on the amount of insulin."
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12 .They report the findings in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
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13 .If this all sounds like something out of a murder mystery... well, it is.
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14 .The paper actually cites the Claus von Bulow trials in the 1980s.
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15 ."Claus von Bulow injected his wife with insulin.
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16 .And as a consequence of that, she went into insulin shock.
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17 .And ended up in an irreversible coma.
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18 .That was the prosecution theory.
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19 .But proving it to a jury would be a struggle"
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20 .Von Bulow was ultimately found not guilty.
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21 .But in this evolutionary struggle between snail and fish¡ it's now clear who done it. And how.
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22 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.
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