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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Sophie Bushwick. Got a minute?
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2 .The Potato Famine in Ireland killed a million people and led to mass emigration.
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3 .The potatoes were destroyed by late blight, caused by the water mold Phytophthora infestans.
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4 .And we now know exactly which strain of the water mold did the dirty work.
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5 .Researchers analyzed dried potato leaves, well over a century old, from Ireland, as well as Europe and North America.
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6 .They were able to sequence the genomes of 11 different strains of blight, and then to compare these older specimens to 15 modern ones.
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7 .Their conclusion: a strain called HERB-1 was responsible for the Irish Great Famine.
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8 .The work is in the journal eLife.
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9 .A strain called US-1 had previously been thought to be the culprit.
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10 .And the two strains are closely related.
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11 .HERB-1 held sway during the 19th century, but with the introduction of new kinds of potatoes in the 20th century, US-1 began to dominate.
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12 .Similar work with other preserved plant specimens could help trace the evolutionary history of other pathogens.
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13 .And assist the ongoing effort to keep our staple crops disease-free.
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14 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Sophie Bushwick.
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