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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata. Got a minute?
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2 .Ah yes. The ol' fluoride rinse at the dentist.
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3 .Not pleasant.
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4 .But hey, good for your teeth, right?
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5 .Well now materials scientists have been able to figure out why, by mapping the nanostructure of tooth enamel.
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6 .If you zoom way in, tooth enamel looks almost like the weave of a basket.
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7 ."Where each thread is made from thousands of nanowires."
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8 .Derk Joester, of Northwestern University.
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9 .And in between those crystalline nanowires, Joester and his colleagues discovered a sort of amorphous glue.
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10 .And that's where the fluoride hangs out, helping to stave off an acid attack of the enamel, in other words, a cavity.
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11 .But the researchers found something that works even better than fluoride: iron.
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12 .And they found it in beaver teeth.
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13 ."So Beavers don't get caries.
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14 .Chewing through wood is a very good way to clean your teeth."
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15 .But another reason, they say, is the iron-enriched glue in beaver enamel, which was even more acid-resistant than fluoride-treated enamel.
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16 .The findings are in the journal Science.
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17 .Of course iron-rich enamel comes with an unfortunate side effect: reddish-brown teeth.
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18 .But Joester says future human dental treatments that employ iron might find a way around that.
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19 ."We have the entire periodic table to play with minus a few things that are not too healthy.
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20 .And so I'm sure we can come up with a way to do what the beaver does but do it better and do it in a way that still maintains a nice smile."
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21 .Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.
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