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1 .This is Scientific American 60-Second Earth. I'm David Biello. Your minute begins now.
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2 .Fact 1: The primary ingredient of most solar panels is purified sand.
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3 .Fact 2: Enough sunlight hits the Earth in an hour to provide all of humanity's energy needs for a year.
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4 .So why isn't solar power cheap and abundant?
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5 .For starters, building a device capable of turning incoming photons into electricity isn't cheap.
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6 .Add in installation and the cost of a solar system can still be more than $10 per watt of electricity produced.
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7 .That's much higher than the cost per watt from burning coal or natural gas.
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8 .It's going to take further technological breakthroughs to make photovoltaics cheaper.
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9 .That's the conclusion of a report from Lux Research, a firm that advises emerging technologies.
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10 .New developments could include growing pure silicon wafers rather than sawing them from long ingots;
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11 .or even fundamental shifts in the physics employed, like using so-called black silicon or quantum dots.
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12 .Of course, if all energy sources paid their full price, solar would be more competitive.
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13 .After all, making solar panels doesn't result in nearly as much mercury, CO2 and other pollution as spewed by coal-fired power plants.
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14 .If the health and environmental costs of coal or natural gas were included in their prices, suddenly solar might look a whole lot cheaper.
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15 .Your minute is up, for Scientific American 60-Second Earth. I'm David Biello.
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