纠错

阅读材料

Scientists have long known that scorpions glow blue-green when ultraviolet (UV) light shines on them. However, experts are unsure of what purpose this fluorescence (glow) might serve. Several ideas have been proposed.



One hypothesis is that the scorpion's glow evolved for protection. According to this idea, the glow is a response to harmful UV radiation contained in sunlight. An animal's outer shell absorbs the UV radiation and then reflects it away, protecting the inside of the animal's body from the radiation. The reflection creates the glow. While scorpions today are active at night and do not need UV protection, ancestors of modern scorpions were active during the day and needed such protection. Modern-day scorpions may have inherited this ability from their ancestors, even though it is no longer useful to them.



Another idea is that scorpions use their glow to attract their prey. According to this theory, scorpions sit still, glowing slightly, and their prey-insects-are attracted to the glowing light and approach. Once they get close enough, the scorpion pounces on them with its strong claws and mouth. Even the low levels of UV light present in moonlight can cause scorpions to glow, and scorpions have been observed

lying in wait for prey, lending support to this theory.



Finally, scorpions may use fluorescence to help them distinguish among different scorpion species, based on variations in glow. Without any UV light, scorpions are often well camouflaged in their environments, and this can sometimes be an advantage. To reproduce, however, scorpions need to find members of their own species. Their glow may be a way for them not only to find other scorpions, but also to detect whether another individual is of the same scorpion species and thus a suitable mate.

听力材料

查看听力原文 关闭听力原文
The purpose of the scorpions glow remains something of a mystery. There are reasons to doubt each of the reading's explanations. First, the theory that scorpions inherited the ability to glow from their ancestors has a serious problem. The ancestor species that were active during the day and needed this ability for protection and survival lived over 350 million years ago. That's a long time ago, but for the last 350 million years, all Scorpion species have been active during the night. That means they did not need to protect themselves from sunlight and UV radiation, a function that doesn't really benefit an organism may persist for a little while, but it never persists for hundreds of millions of years. Normally, traits or abilities that become useless disappear over time. Second, it is doubtful that scorpions use their glow to attract prey. In nature, the light source that's most likely to make scorpions glow is the moon, especially when it's full but studies have shown that when Moonlight is likely to make scorpions glow, for instance, on the night of a full moon, scorpions usually do not go after prey. In fact, scorpions hunt and feed most often when there is no moonlight and no light source to make them glow. This strongly suggests that scorpions Do not attract their prey by glowing. Finally, about the idea that scorpions use variations in glow to identify members of their own species. Well, it's important to note that differences in glow from one species of Scorpion to another are very small. The blue green glow is nearly the same regardless of species. And scorpions have relatively simple vision. They cannot see all the different colors that humans see. Thus, many scientists doubt that scorpions see well enough to perceive such slight differences in glow.
问题

Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they cast doubt on the specific points made in the reading passage in.

练习本题
查看笔记

精华内容

  • 答题思路
  • 高分作文
  • 题目讨论
  • 名师思路
  • 会员福利内容准备中,丰富答题思路即将上线

最新提问