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NARRATOR:Listen to part of a conversation between a student and her biology professor.
MALE PROFESSOR:Hi, Samantha. How did your track meet go?
FEMALE STUDENT:Great, I placed first in one race and third in another!
MALE PROFESSOR:Congratulations![Leading]You must practice a lot …
FEMALE STUDENT:Three times a week preseason, but now that we’re competing every weekend, we practice six days a week from three-thirty ’til five.
MALE PROFESSOR:[Sympathetically]Athletics place a heavy demand on your time, don’t they?
FEMALE STUDENT:Yeah, but I really love competing, so…
MALE PROFESSOR:[Leading and trying to prompt a turn in the conversation] Y’know, I played soccer in college and my biggest challenge-and I didn’t always succeed—was getting my studying in during soccer season.Are you having a similar…?
FEMALE STUDENT:No, I-I really do make time to study. And I actually study more for this class than I do for all my other classes.But I didn’t see the grade I expected on my mid-term exam, which is why I came by.
MALE PROFESSOR:Well you didn’t do badly on the exam, but I agree it did not reflect your potential. [Puzzled by her subpar performance]I say this because your work on the lab project was exemplary.I was so impressed with the way you handled the microscope and the samples of onion cells, and with how carefully you observed, and diagrammed, and interpreted each stage of cell division.And I don’t think you could have done that if you hadn’t read and understood the chapter.I mean, it seemed like you really had a good understanding of it.
FEMALE STUDENT:I thought so, too, but I missed some questions about cell division on the exam.
MALE PROFESSOR:[Baffled]So, what happened?
FEMALE STUDENT:I just sorta blanked out, I guess. I had a hard time remembering details. It was so frustrating!
MALE PROFESSOR:Alright, let’s back up. You say you studied. Where? At home?
FEMALE STUDENT:At my kitchen table, actually.
MALE PROFESSOR:And that’s supposed to be a quiet environment?
FEMALE STUDENT:[Wryly]Not exactly. My brother and parents try to keep it down when I’m studying, but the phone pretty much rings off the hook, so…
MALE PROFESSOR:[Pointing out the obvious]So, you might try a place with fewer distractions, [Starts to say “library”]like the library.
FEMALE STUDENT:[Cutting in]But the library closes at midnight, and I like to study all night before a test, you know, so everything’s fresh in my mind.I studied six straight hours the night before the mid-term exam.That’s why I expected to do so much better!
MALE PROFESSOR:Oh. OK.You know that studying six consecutive hours is not equivalent to studying one hour a day for six days.
FEMALE STUDENT:It isn’t?
MALE PROFESSOR:No. There’s research that shows that after about an hour of intense focus, your brain needs a break.It needs to, y’know, shift gears a little. Your brain’s ability to absorb information starts to decline after about the first hour.So, if you’re dealing with a lot of new concepts and vocabulary… anyway, if you just reviewed your notes even twenty minutes a day, it’d be much better than waiting until the night before an exam to and try to absorb all those details.
FEMALE STUDENT:Oh, I didn’t realize…
MALE PROFESSOR:Think of your brain as a muscle.If you didn’t practice regularly with your track team and then tried to squeeze in three weeks’ worth of running practice the day before a track meet, how well do you think you’d perform in your races?
旁白：听下面一段学生与生物教授的对话
教授：嗨，萨曼莎，田径运动会怎么样？
学生：好极了。我在一个竞赛中获得了第一名，另外一个获得了第三名。
教授：恭喜你啊。你一定是刻苦进行了锻炼。
学生：赛季前每周训练三次，但是现在我们每周末进行比赛，我们每周需要锻炼 6 天，从3 点半到 5 点半。
教授：体育运动占了你的很多时间，是吧？
学生：是的，但是我真的很喜欢竞赛，所以…
教授：你知道我在大学时踢足球，我最大的挑战是我总在赛季之间调节不好足球和学习之间的关系。你有没有类似的…
学生：没有，我倒是真的挤时间来学习。而且我对这个科目的学习也比其他科目更尽心。但是期中考试的成绩却是让我始料不及的，这也是我来这的原因。
教授：呃，你的成绩倒不是说差，但我同意这的确没有反映出你的潜力。我这么说是因为你在实验室项目上的出色表现。你操作显微镜以及洋葱细胞样本的方式让我很印象深刻，你很认真的观察、画图并且解释了细胞分裂的每个过程。我想如果你没有读并理解这个章节的内容的话，也不会做的那么好。我的意思是说你真的领会的很好。
我也这么认为。但是在考试中，关于细胞分裂的问题我少了几点。
教授：那是怎么回事呢？
学生：我想我就是一时大脑空白了。很难想起来每个细节了，真是沮丧透了。
教授：好吧，让我们倒退一下。你说你学习了，在哪，在家？
学生：其实是在厨房的桌子上。
教授：那是一个安静的环境吗？
学生：其实不是。当我学习的时候，我哥哥和父母试着小点声，但是电话总是响个不停。所以…
教授：那么你应该去一个少让你分心的地方学习，比如图书馆…
学生：但是图书馆午夜就关门了。而我喜欢考试前通宵达旦的学习，你知道的，所以我会记忆犹新。其中考试前的那天晚上我连着学习了 6 个小时。这也是我觉得自己能做的更好的原因。
教授：哦。你知道连着学习 6 个小时与 6 天每天学习一小时是不一样的。
学生：是吗？
教授：是的。研究显示，人们在特别专门一个小时以后，我们的大脑需要休息。你知道的，它需要调整一下。你的大脑吸收知识的能力在学习一个小时之后就会减弱。所以如果你在学习许多新的概念或者词汇，不管怎么说，如果你就复习笔记，哪怕就每天 20 分钟，也比等到考试前临时抱佛脚要好很多。
学生：哦，我之前还真没意识到。
教授：把你的大脑想成是一块肌肉。如果你不每天和团队训练的话，然后打算在田径运动会的前一天将之前的锻炼都一起进行了，你觉得你在竞赛中能发挥多好呢？
如果对题目有疑问，欢迎来提出你的问题，热心的小伙伴会帮你解答。