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This is Scientific American 60-Second Earth. I'm David Biello. Your minute begins now.

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In the summer of 2012, the U.S.baked.

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From the end of June through July, temperature records were set across the middle of the country.

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Drought partnered with the heat to cause discomfort for individuals and misery for farmers.

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And the cause may have been the record-setting meltdown of Arctic sea ice.

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That's according to a new paper in the journal Nature Climate Change.

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The loss of sea ice leads to a weakening of winds high in the atmosphere.

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The reduced temperature difference between the Arctic and lower latitudes diminishes the jet stream as well.

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It also moves the jet stream north, letting hot air sit longer.

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Such a lessening of the jet stream may have been responsible for Hurricane Sandy turning ashore and wreaking havoc in New York City and New Jersey.

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And the phenomenon extends beyond North America.

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Weak jet streams have prolonged heat waves in Russia as well as parked downpours over Europe.

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One thing's for sure: increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere will continue to warm the Arctic and melt ice and snow.

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And that could mean much hotter summers across the northern hemisphere.

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Your minute is up, for Scientific American 60-Second Earth. I'm David Biello.

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