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段落1

NARRATOR

Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.

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段落2

FEMALE PROFESSOR

Many experts believe that turtle excluder devices, also known as TEDs, are a very good way to protect endangered turtles, and that they should be a vital part of the equipment on any shrimp boat。

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Here are their responses to the criticisms that you just read about.

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段落3

First, it’s true that catching a turtle is a rare thing for any one boat.

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However, there are, for example, thousands of shrimp boats operating off the southern coast of the United States.

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Collectively these shrimpers accidentally catch thousands of turtles every year.

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And these are endangered sea turtles whose populations are already too small, so harming several thousand every year is a big problem.

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So when considering the impact of TEDs, don’t think in terms of an individual shrimper losing a few shrimp, but rather in terms of how the sea turtle population as a whole is affected by the shrimp industry as a whole.

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段落4

Second, implementing time limits to ensure that the turtles are brought up for air in time—that sounds like a good idea, but only in theory.

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The problem is that the time limits are almost impossible to enforce.

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There’re thousands of shrimp boats far out at sea, and government patrol boats cannot really monitor the time limits all these boats use.

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The use of TEDs is easier to enforce: all that’s required is checking the shrimp boats before they leave port and making sure their nets have TEDs.

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段落5

Third, it’s true that TEDs can be too small for some very large species of turtle.

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But in the areas where they’re needed, it’s not a problem to create TEDs that are somewhat larger.

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The design of the TED can be modified easily without affecting the way that it functions.

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So once larger TEDs begin to be produced, this will no longer be a problem.

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