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This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. This'll just take a minute.

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Using less energy saves money and lowers greenhouse gas emissions.

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And various studies have looked at ways to get households to use less energy.

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Now there's evidence that people in such a study use less energy…because they're in a study.

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The general phenomenon is called the Hawthorne effect:

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study subjects change their behavior because they're being observed.

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So researchers collaborated with a utility to test for the Hawthorne effect in electricity use.

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They monitored almost 5,600 randomly selected households.

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Half received a postcard saying that their energy use would be monitored for a month for research purposes.

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They also got four follow-up reminder postcards over the month.

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They received no other information, instructions or incentives.

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The control group monitored for the study got no notifications.

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That group continued using the same amount of electricity.

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But the families being tracked reduced energy use 2.7 percent.

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And when the study period ended, their energy use shot back up.

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The report is in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

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Clearly, mindful consumers can find ways to easily lower their energy consumption.

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Perhaps policy makers can find a way to use the Hawthorne effect to everyone's advantage.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber.

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