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This is Scientific American 60-Second Mind, I'm Christie Nicholson. Got a minute?

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Psychopaths are responsible for a disproportionate amount of crime.

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These people are primarily identified by an extreme lack of empathy.

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Now a study finds that when psychopaths see images of people in pain,

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there's a pattern of activity in their brains that is quite different from brain activity in non-psychopaths.

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Researchers tested 80 prisoners to gauge their levels of psychopathy.

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They then scanned the prisoners' brains using functional MRI as the prisoners were shown photos of people being intentionally hurt.

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Participants who scored high in psychopathy traits, versus those who were not considered psychopaths,

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showed much less activation in the areas of the brain involved in emotional reactions, social behavior and decision making.

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The study is published in the journal JAMA Psychiatry.

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Unexpectedly, when viewing the photos the psychopaths experienced significant activity in the insular cortex, which is involved in emotion and self-awareness.

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The researchers conjecture that the reaction may have been due to the prisoners ability to imagine themselves in pain.

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In a still unpublished study with other inmates, subjects were specifically told to imagine the painful event happening to someone else.

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In that case, those scoring high in psychopathy had a lesser reaction.

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The psychopath thus seems able to relate to pain, as long as it's his own.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Mind. I'm Christie Nicholson.

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