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段落1

NARRATOR

Listen to part of a lecture in a studio art class.

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旁白:听一段工作室艺术的讲座。

段落2

MALE PROFESSOR

OK... As-as you probably know, primary colors are, theoretically speaking, the basic colors from which all other colors can be made.

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教授:好了,你们大概也知道,理论上说,原色即能造出其它颜色的基础色。

But as you'll find out when you start working on your painting projects, the three primary colors-red, blue, yellow-don't always make the best secondary colors.

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但当你在做你的绘画项目时,你们应该会发现,三原色---红、蓝、黄---它们不总能造出最好的间色。

Combining red and blue, you'll probably never get a fantastic violet.

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把红和蓝混合,很有可能你得不到很漂亮的紫色。

To get a nice violet, you'll have to add white.

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要想调出很美的紫色,你还要加白色。

Combining yellow and blue, you'll almost never get a satisfactory green.

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把黄和蓝混合,你很可能永远都得不出一个令人满意的绿色。

You're better off using a pure green pigment...

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你还不如用纯绿色颜料调呢。

The idea of "primary colors"-and specifically the idea of red, yellow, and blue being the primary colors-didn't exist until about 200 years ago.

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“原色”的概念---即红黄蓝是(三)原色的概念---直到200年前才出现。

Until then, the dominant theory about color was one that had been proposed by Isaac Newton.

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此前,关于颜色的主流理论是艾萨克·牛顿提出的。

段落3

Newton gave a scientific and objective explanation of colors.

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牛顿对颜色做出了科学且客观的解释。

He used a prism to break white light down into the various colors of the spectrum, and he theorized-rightly so-that different colors are essentially different wavelengths of light.

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他用棱镜把白光分解成光谱上不同颜色的光,然后他提出理论---不同的颜色本质上是不同波长的光。

But he made no mention of "primary" colors.

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但他完全没有提及原色。

That idea came from- or was at least published by-a man named Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.

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这个概念是由约翰·沃尔夫冈·冯·歌德提出的,或至少说是由他出版的。

段落4

Goethe was a well-known author; he wrote many famous novels, plays, poems... So why did he start thinking about colors?

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歌德是一位著名作家;他写了很多著名小说、戏剧和诗歌...那么他为什么会开始思考颜色呢?

Well, Goethe was part of the Romantic movement in Western literature... and he was a Romantic through-and-through, meaning that he explained objects and phenomena in terms of the spiritual, emotional impact they had, as opposed to explaining them in terms of their scientific nature; he rejected an objective understanding of color in favor of a more subjective understanding.

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歌德也参与了西方文学界的浪漫主义运动,他自己就是彻彻底底的浪漫主义者,也就是说,他解释事物和现象时,往往从精神、或情感影响层面出发,以反对那些从科学本质层面来解释事物现象的理论,他不接受对颜色的客观理解,更支持主观理解。

He believed that when we see color, it stimulates our emotions.

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他认为当我们看见颜色,情感就被激发出来。

And different colors appeal to or inspire different emotions in different people.

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不同的颜色对不同的人能激发不同的情感。

段落5

FEMALE STUDENT

That sounds like psychology.

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学生:听起来很像心理学。

段落6

MALE PROFESSOR

Well, color theory is used in psychology too; some psychologists do use their field's version of color theory to diagnose and treat patients...

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教授:颜色理论也应用在心理学中;一些心理学家会运用心理学中的颜色理论来诊断并治疗病人。

Um, anyway, Goethe conducted a number of experiments trying to figure out which colors corresponded to which emotions...

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不管怎样,歌德做了一系列实验以找出什么颜色对应什么情绪。

And, in terms of that goal, he wasn't very successful.

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以此目的来说,他不怎么成功。

But... his experiments actually did show a lot about the relationships between colors themselves, about how colors change when placed next to other colors, about how they interact with one another.

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但他的实验确实发现了颜色本身之间的联系,即当一种颜色放在另一种颜色旁时,会有什么变化,颜色之间是怎么相互作用的。
Scientists studying optics and chromatics today still <em class="nice-card js-hover-card">marvel at</em> his findings...

Scientists studying optics and chromatics today still marvel at his findings...

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今天研究光学和色彩学的科学家们仍惊叹于他的发现。

But Goethe wasn't really able to establish a clear connection between colors and emotions.

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但歌德并不能在色彩与情绪之间建立起清晰的联系。

段落7

Then, in 1806, he received a letter from a relatively unknown German artist, a painter named Philipp Otto Runge.

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在1806年,他收到一封信,来自一位相对无名的德国艺术家,这位画家叫菲利普·奥托·朗格。

In the letter, Runge outlined his own color theory, specifically the connections he made between colors and emotions.

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在信中,朗格概述了自己的颜色理论,特别是他建立的色彩与情绪之间的联系。

And his ideas about what colors symbolized, a-about the emotions that different colors inspired were based on the colors red, yellow, and blue.

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他关于颜色象征的思想,关于不同的颜色所能激起不同情绪的理论,是基于红、黄、蓝这些颜色的。

Runge's choice of red, yellow, and blue had nothing to do with what we know from modern-day chromatics-it had to do with Runge's complex system of symbolism, his experience of nature, particularly with his experience of the quality of light at various times of the day- morning, noon, and night.

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朗格选择红黄蓝,和现代色彩学理论没什么关系,而是与朗格自己关于象征主义的复杂系统有关,他对自然的体验,尤其是对一天中不同时间的不同光亮的体验,比如早上、中午和晚上。

So each color had a specific symbolic value.

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每种颜色都有特殊的象征价值。

Well, four years later, Goethe published a book entitled Color Lesson.

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四年后,歌德出版了一本叫《色彩课》的书。

In Color Lesson, Goethe [lightly sarcastic] coincidentally cites the same colors as primary colors.

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在《色彩课》中,歌德恰好把同种色彩称为原色。

At this point, Goethe was already a well-known author, so he was easily able to popularize this idea of primary colors, and specifically the idea of red, yellow, and blue as the primary colors.

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此时歌德已经是个很有名的作家了,他很容易就把原色的概念推广出去,特别是把红、黄、蓝作为(三)原色的概念推广出去。

段落8

FEMALE STUDENT

But he didn't mention Runge?

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学生:他没有提到朗格?

段落9

MALE PROFESSOR

Well, he did put Runge's letter in the book, at the end. But he added a disclaimer, implying that Runge's letter didn't influence his work.

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教授:他把朗格的信收入书的末页了。但他附上了一封免责声明,暗示朗格的信对他的作品没有影响。

[Sarcastic] Apparently, what Goethe was saying was that they just happened to come up with the same theory at the same time.

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很明显,歌德声称,他们只是恰好同一时间想出了同样的理论罢了。
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