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This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Gretchen Cuda Kroen. Got a minute?

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Sharing syringes is a big no-no.

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But despite the warnings, needle sharing among injection drug users is still a significant cause for the spread of HIV and other infectious diseases.

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But HIV transmission due to needle sharing could be nearly eradicated by merely changing the design of the syringe.

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So says a study in the International Journal of Drug Policy.

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When the plunger on a syringe is fully depressed, a small amount of fluid stays trapped in what is known as the "dead space."

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By reducing the amount of dead space in the syringe design, researchers say they can reduce the amount of infectious blood trapped inside by a factor of a thousand,

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and thus vastly reduce the numbers of viral particles available to spread disease.

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Using a simulation model, the authors found that switching to low-dead-space syringes could reduce annual HIV infections from syringe sharing to nearly zero within eight years.

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Although there are still a number of barriers to making low-dead-space syringes available worldwide,

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the authors say this low-cost intervention could help keep drug users--and their families--disease free.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Gretchen CudaKroen.

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