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This is Scientific American 60-Second Health. I'm Cynthia Graber. Got a minute?

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"When you have to sneeze or cough, do it into the bend of your arm."

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"Sneeze into your arm with Elmo. Ah-choo!"

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Gordon and Elmo from Sesame Street are right.

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And MIT researchers recently found that viruses can travel much further than we thought.

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Which shows how important it is to block coughs and sneezes.

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The researchers used high-speed imaging of folks coughing and sneezing, along with simulations and mathematical models.

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The new research shows that multiple drops travel in a cloud.

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And the cloud's turbulence pulls in surrounding air, which allows the goopy assemblage to maintain buoyancy and move farther.

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Heavier particles drop out first, but about five times further out than had been previously predicted.

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And the small ones swirl around and can be carried 200 times past previously predicted distances.

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The research is in the Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

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Longer flight distances means coughs and sneezes can often reach ventilation systems.

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The researchers thus encourage hospital and airplane engineers to consider designs that block droplet flight and thus keep everyone else from catching your cold.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Health. I'm Cynthia Graber.

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