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This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin. This'll just take a minute.

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Gato. Lata. Fajo. Mora. Pelo.Risa.

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Confused? Uh-huh.

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Well, you should be.

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And not just because we're suddenly speaking en Espa?ol,

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but because each word has a grammatical gender that we purposely mismatched with the sex of the person who said it.

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Such verbal incongruity can slow our ability to process language, according to linguists writing in the journal PLOS One.

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When we listen to the spoken word, we take away more than its meaning.

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We also learn something about the speaker, like where he or she comes from and whether he or she is a he or a she.

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But some psychologists think that we strip away all that extraneous information when our brains process what we hear.

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To test that assumption, researchers asked 20 native Spanish speakers to listen to a list of Spanish words.

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Half the terms were masculine,they ended in 'o',the other half feminine, ending in 'a'.

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And when the sex of the word and the talker differed, listeners who were asked to identify the word's gender took longer and made more mistakes.

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The opposite effect did not take place.

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Listeners were able to identify the sex of the speaker con no problemo.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.

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