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This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.Got a minute?

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Every day, 100 tons of space dust rain down on the Earth's atmosphere.

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By night, we know this material as shooting stars.

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And our neighbor the moon is likewise exposed to that debris—but without an atmosphere to stop it.

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So all those particles strike the moon's surface, at 12 miles per second, like tiny bullets.

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And each impact kicks up a thousand times its weight, in moondust.

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Mihály Horányi, a physicist at the University of Colorado, makes this analogy:

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"Imagine you are making pasta and there's flour on the table, and you get impatient and upset and you smack the table.

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There's going to be a whole cloud of tiny particles, you know, flying off the table."

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Horányi and his colleagues sampled that cloud of particles with NASA's Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer, or LADEE, as it orbited the moon, slurping up dust.

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Judging by the shape and density of the dust cloud, the scientists say the particles striking the moon and kicking up the cloud must be mostly high-speed comet grains, rather than slower bits of asteroid.

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And, as you might expect, the moon's halo of dust increases during heavy bombardment, the same time that we have meteor showers here on Earth.

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The findings are in the journal Nature.

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There is one mystery these measurements do not solve: the source of the strange "horizon glow" the Apollo astronauts observed on the moon.

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Because Horányi says that, based on these samples, there just isn't enough dust to create the visual effect the astronauts saw.

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Not that this is 'case closed.'

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"There is not a single paper or a single measurement that I can claim to be the last word on anything, so, no, as always, there are more questions and open issues.

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But one way to figure out is to try it again.

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Send people. Orbit the moon again and see if we have better instruments and take better images, see if we could resolve this."

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But if NASA's current plans are any indication, it might be a while before any American astronauts see that glow firsthand.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

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