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This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata. Got a minute?

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If you like to wind down with a drink, you've perhaps also rationalized the act with this often repeated claim:

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"You don't have to feel guilty about imbibing a little red or white: in small amounts it is good for your heart."

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But a new study finds that alcohol's supposed benefit may in fact only be available to certain people who happen to have the right genes.

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Researchers studied 600 Swedish men and women with heart disease, and compared them to some 3,000 healthy volunteers.

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They asked the subjects about their drinking, measured their blood cholesterol, and sequenced each subject's version of a gene that governs the transport of cholesterol to the liver.

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Turns out, moderate drinking, a couple of drinks a day appeared to lower heart disease risk overall by 20 percent.

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But subjects who had a specific variant of that cholesterol transport gene, and tipped back a few?

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They had an 80 percent reduction in heart disease risk.

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And the gene variant isn't protective by itself; only when combined with booze.

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The results appear in the journal Alcohol.

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Unfortunately, only about 15 percent of us have this variant.

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Study author Dag Thelle, of the University of Gothenburg, says that past studies which found what looks statistically like a slight heart benefit of moderate drinking in large populations, could actually just be detecting this huge alcohol benefit, in the small, lucky gene group.

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While the vast majority of drinkers get no benefit at all.

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So any message here for drinkers?

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"In my view there is not. Not at this time. It's far too early to say anything."

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The study's too small, he says, and has to be repeated.

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However, "Most of my friends they claim they drink moderately.

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But when I look at them I see there's quite a large variation."

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Before you order that next round, you might wanna take that idea to heart.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

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