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This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin. This'll just take a minute.

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Once upon a time, there was an animal called a pilosa that caught insects with its trunk.

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Some pilosas had wide trunks.

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Others had skinny trunks.

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When habitat changes caused their dinners to tunnel underground, pilosas with wide trunks began to starve and die.

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The pilosas with thin trunks could still reach the bugs.

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So they stayed healthy and had babies that also had thin trunks.

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Eventually, all pilosas had skinny trunks and they lived happily ever after.

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Or they might have, if they were real.

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Pilosas were made up by researchers who were exploring whether kids could grasp the concept of natural selection.

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They found that parables like the plight of the pilosa enabled even kindergartners to get evolution.

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The study is in the journal Psychological Science.

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Children enjoy explanations, so much so they often invent their own.

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Like, giraffes must grow long necks so they can reach high branches.

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But after reading about the pilosa, all of the 7- and 8-year olds in the study could correctly explain that the species changed over time,

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because the better adapted creatures out-reproduced those that were less fit.

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Maybe early exposure to such complex concepts could help science literacy evolve

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.

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