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This is Scientific American 60-Second Earth. I'm David Biello.Your minute begins now.

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The red cedar trees of Grant County, West Virginia can tell a fascinating tale.

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Because locked inside them is the history of U.S.air pollution in the 20th century.

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Researchers began pulling cores from five randomly selected red cedar trees in 2008.

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The ratio of heavy and light isotopes of carbon found in the tree rings told them many secrets about the trees and their environment.

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From the 1940s through the 1970s, the trees closed the tiny holes in their leaves known as stomata to protect themselves from acid rain.

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That acid rain was coming from the sulfur dioxide pollution spewed by coal-fired power plants upwind in states like Ohio.

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Then, in 1982 or so, about 10 years after passage of the Clean Air Act that cut back on such pollution, the stomata began to reopen.

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And they've been opening wider ever since, boosting growth.

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The red cedars also show that the same thing happened back in the 1930s,

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because the Great Depression's effect on industry actually helped clean up the air.

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The research appeared in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

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The question now is: what will the red cedars tell us about increasing levels of CO2 from all our fossil fuel burning a few decades from now?

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Your minute is up, for Scientific American 60-Second Earth. I'm David Biello.

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