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This is Scientific American 60-Second Earth. I'm David Biello. Your minute begins now.

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You've heard of the canary in the coalmine.

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Well, a species called the Gulf killifish might be the fish in the oil well.

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Three years ago, the blowout at BP's Macondo well spewed more than 5 million barrels of oil into the Gulf of Mexico.

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Despite attempts to recover it, much of that oil made it into sediments.

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And new tests show that such oiled sediments are bad for Gulf fish.

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The research is in the journal Environmental Science and Technology.

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The Gulf killifish maxes out at about 18 centimeters in length and is ubiquitous all along the U.S.south coast.

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That makes it a good subject for testing the spilled oil's toxicity.

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When a consortium of researchers ran those tests, they found multiple negative effects.

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The oiled sediments were associated with delayed hatching of embryos, smaller newborns and heart defects.

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And fewer of the eggs hatched at all, even among those exposed to sediments collected a full year after the oil spill began.

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Adults captured in the wild showed an immune response to oil in their gills and livers.

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These effects might be found in everything from other fish to the famous Gulf shrimp and oysters.

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We're just beginning to understand the full price of our oil addiction.

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Your minute is up, for Scientific American 60-Second Earth. I'm David Biello,

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