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This is Scientific American 60-Second Space. I'm Sophie Bushwick. Got a minute?

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When astronauts float weightless in space, their muscles don't need to work as hard as on Earth.

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Muscles therefore atrophy during a long mission, which can cause trouble when space travelers return home.

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But what happens to that most vital of muscles, the heart?

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To find out, 12 astronauts learned how to do ultrasound scans of their hearts.

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Then they recorded the organ's shape before, during and after a stint on the International Space Station.

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The scans showed that, while in microgravity, the astronauts' hearts deformed into more spherical shapes.

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Back on Earth, they stretched back into their usual elongated forms.

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The work was presented at the annual scientific session of the American College of Cardiology.

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Knowing how weightlessness changes the heart could help mission planners prevent long-term damage to astronauts' cardiovascular systems due to long space voyages.

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Astronauts on the space station already perform specific exercises to keep their weight-bearing muscles toned.

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Similarly well-designed workouts might keep hearts both in shape, and in the right shape.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Space. I'm Sophie Bushwick.

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