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This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Maria Temming. Got a minute?

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Our sun has a nasty habit of spitting volatile material at us.

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These incredibly hot bubbles of magnetized material are called coronal mass ejections, or CMEs.

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And they can hurtle towards Earth at thousands of miles per second.

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If one of a CME's magnetic fields is aligned in just the wrong way when the ejection reaches Earth,

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it could cause a magnetic storm that can temporarily disrupt the planet's magnetic field.

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Such a storm has the potential to wreak havoc on technologies like GPS satellites and utility grids, messing up radio transmissions and causing blackouts.

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Currently, satellites can only tease out the orientations of magnetic fields inside an approaching CME when it's already closing in on Earth.

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We'd have about an hour's notice of an impending space storm, hardly enough time for anyone to take the necessary protective measures.

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But a team led by space scientist Neel Savani, of NASA and the University of Maryland, have developed a new technique that might be able to give us a lot more lead time.

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Their model uses observations of the CME's magnetic field orientations during the initial eruption and as it careens toward Earth,

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which can offer clues about what those orientations will be when they get here.

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The researchers describe their work in the journal Space Weather.

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Savani has already tested out his model's predictive power on eight mass ejections.

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He claims significant improvement over current forecasting systems.

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At the very least, better advance warning would give people more time to finally back up their hard drives before the grid goes down.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Maria Temming.

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