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This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. Got a minute?

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They're called button cells, coin cells or watch batteries.

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By any name, these tiny, round batteries pose a choking danger to small kids.

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And if a child succeeds in swallowing a button cell, the battery may short-circuit in the moist esophageal environment, burning the tissue.

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A few thousand kids wind up in emergency rooms each year after swallowing a button battery.

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But a team of Harvard and M.I.T.researchers that includes prolific inventor Robert Langer thinks they have a partial solution: a protective coating.

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The scientists covered batteries with a material, technically a quantum-tunneling composite,

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in which microparticles of conductive metal are suspended in an insulating layer.

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Under most circumstances, including inside of a child, the layer is nonconductive.

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But when the material is subjected to high pressure, the microparticles are squeezed close enough together to carry a current.

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One such pressurized environment is the typical battery compartment in a small device, you often have to force the battery into place.

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So the same battery that remains inert when swallowed works just fine when it's jammed into its slot in a hearing aid.

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The waterproof design would also protect batteries from corrosion in high humidity.

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The research is in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

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Tests with pigs found the coated batteries to be gentle on the porcine esophagus.

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Next step: figure out a way to keep kids from putting the batteries in their mouths in the first place.

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Can a quantum tunneling composite be made to taste terrible?

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber.

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