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This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. Got a minute?

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Violence is more than a criminal problem.

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It's also a public health issue.

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More than 6,000 people are injured annually due to violence, mostly young people in low-income neighborhoods.

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Jobs programs for youth done with school have proven costly and seem to do little to reduce violence.

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But summer employment for kids still in school may be effective, according to a study by criminologist Sara Heller at the University of Pennsylvania.

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She followed more than 1,600 young people, many of whom took part in a Chicago program called One Summer Plus.

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It offers 8-week stints at jobs such as camp counselors, community gardeners, or government office workers at minimum wage.

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One group of kids worked 25 hours a week, with an adult mentor.

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Another group worked 15 hours and got 10 hours of social-emotional education.

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A control group got nothing.

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Based on school and police records, Heller found a 43 percent decrease in violent crime in the two groups that had jobs.

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This lasted long after the program ended.

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Heller suggests that work helps students learn to manage conflict, reduce frustration and improve self control.

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She concludes that intervention programs can be low-cost and effective, "even for a problem as destructive and complex as youth violence."

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber.

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