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This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. Got a minute?

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If you need a new liver, doctors have about twelve hours to transport it from a donor.

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That ticking clock severely limits the ability of doctors to get organs to patients.

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Now researchers have demonstrated a method that kept rat livers viable up to four days.

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The scientists lowered the livers to below freezing temperatures, while flooding the tissue with antifreeze chemicals to prevent the formation of damaging ice crystals.

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But such cooling alone is not sufficient, due in part to the liver's wide variety of cell types and functions.

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So the researchers also used machine perfusion: as the livers were cooled they were flushed with solutions that kept them operational.

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They were perfused again as they were brought back to above-freezing temps.

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All the rats that were implanted with 3-day-old livers survived for three months.

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Nearly 60 percent of the rats with four-day-old livers survived.

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In contrast, no rats that received 3- and 4-day-old livers preserved by currently used methods survived.

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This work is an early step toward creating a system that could work in humans,

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which would dramatically improve the chances of getting organs to people who desperately need them.

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Thanks for the minute, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber.

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